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msi_fci
 Post subject: Step-1- in SQl-server2000
PostPosted: Sat Apr 07, 2007 6:43 pm 
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ط·آ£ط¢آ¢ط£آ¢أ¢â‚¬ع‘ط¢آ¬ط·آ¢ط¢آ¢ SQL Server has 2 types of Databases :
1. System Tables: Store Information about SQL server as a whole
2. User Tables : Databses that user creates

ط·آ£ط¢آ¢ط£آ¢أ¢â‚¬ع‘ط¢آ¬ط·آ¢ط¢آ¢ Installing SQL Server creates system tables ( as in master DB) and sample user databases such as:
(master , model , tempdb , msdb , distribution , pubs and Northwind)

ط·آ£ط¢آ¢ط£آ¢أ¢â‚¬ع‘ط¢آ¬ط·آ¢ط¢آ¢ There are 3 types of statements to use in SQL :
1. DDL Statements : Create and Drop Tables , Views , Indexes and Constarints
3. DML Statements: Insert , Update , Delete and Select from Tables or Views
3. DCL Statements : Create and Drop Users or Roles + Grant and Revoke Privileges
4. DCL Statements .

ط·آ£ط¢آ¢ط£آ¢أ¢â‚¬ع‘ط¢آ¬ط·آ¢ط¢آ¢ Environment of SQL Server:
1. Service Manager : To Start , Stop or Pause Server
2. Enterprise Manager : To do all SQL functions through interface
3. Query Analyzer :To do all SQL functions by hand (writing statements)

DDL Statements

On both Enterprise Manager & Query Analyzer

1.Creating Tables

Used to create a table with a specific structure inside a selected database

Code:
CREATE  TABLE <tablename>
<column name> <data type> [<column constraint>ط·آ£ط¢آ¢ط£آ¢أ¢â‚¬ع‘ط¢آ¬ط·آ¢ط¢آ¦]
PRIMARY KEY <column list>
FOREIGN KEY <column list> REFERENCES <table specifications>


Example:

Code:
CREATE TABLE STAFF
(
  STAFF_ID int Primary Key,
  STAFF_NAME char(20) Not Null,
  STAFF_SALARY real Null,
  STAFF_PHOTO image Null
);


2. Dropping Tables

Used to remove a table from a selected database

Code:
DROP TABLE <tablename>


Example:

Code:
DROP TABLE STAFF;



3. Altering Tables

Used to change the table structure

Code:
ALTER TABLE <tablename>
ADD [column] <column name><data type>
DROP [column] <column name>


Example:

Add the column STAFF_EMAIL to the table STAFF
Code:
ALTER TABLE STAFF
ADD STAFF_EMAIL char(30);


Example:

Remove the column STAFF_EMAIL from the table STAFF
Code:
ALTER TABLE STAFF
DROP COLUMN STAFF_EMAIL;
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