What actually facilitates the late binding in run time polymorphism?

Is it only the keyword VIRTUAL?

because for example

I mean, it is known quite well that ptr[1] points to an object of type
B, this information is, according to what i think, available at
compile time. Or does the keyword VIRTUAL change everything? and if
that's so, what's the advantage of it run time polymorphism over
compile time polymorphism???

You've made the #1 mistake of base/derived classes: You forgot the
virtual destructors. Get in the habit of including them even for cheesy
examples.


To answer your question: You can pass a derived class to a function
that takes a base class as its input. That function can then call the
derived methods by calling the base class methods of the same name and
numbers and types of parameters. However, abstract classes (i.e. where
you declare functions in a class 'virtual ...() = 0') are much more
annoying to deal with in this manner.